computers on a private network

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A forward proxy enables computers on a private network to connect to the internet, while a reverse proxy enables computers on the internet to connect to a private subnet.

Reverse proxy servers have many common uses contributing to performance, security, and scalability enhancements in various applications.

One of the most common uses is load balancing incoming traffic across multiple backend servers. By distributing incoming requests, a reverse proxy server can optimize server load and ensure that each server is efficiently utilized. This load-balancing capability is especially beneficial in high-traffic scenarios, where it improves overall performance and prevents any single server from being overwhelmed.

Another use case is caching static content. Reverse proxies can store and serve frequently accessed static files from their cache, such as images, CSS, and JavaScript. This reduces the load on backend servers and accelerates content delivery to clients, resulting in faster load times and improved user experience.

More info: What Is a Man-in-the-Middle Attack

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